Effect of inulin-type fructans on atherosclerosis associated blood lipid profile: A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To systematically review the clinical trials examining the effects of inulin-type fructans on 3 major atherosclerosis associated blood lipid profiles, so as to provide references on dietary strategy for atherosclerosis prevention. Methods Relevant literatures were comprehensively searched in PubMed, Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang Databases. Eligible studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then the quality evaluation (JADAD scale) and data extraction were conducted. Meta-analysis and publication bias were performed using software Stata 11. 0. Results Twenty-two studies were finally included in this study, involving a total of 822 cases, with 413 in the treatment group and 409 in the control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the pooled WMD (95% confidence interval) of inulin-type frutans' effect on HDL-C, TG, and LDL-C were 0. 05 (0. 01,0. 08) mmol/L, -0.08 (-0.14, -0.01) mmol/L and -0.16 (-0.25, -0.06) mmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analysis results revealed that TG level decreased dramatically by 0. 17 mmol/L in the dyslipidemia group CP<0. 05). In the diabetes group, a noticeable increment of 0. 15 mmol/L was found for HDL-C and a reduction of 0. 30 mmol/L was found for TG CP<0. 05). In addition, no significant changes were found for other parameters of the blood lipids. Conclusion Daily intake of proper amount of inulin-type fructans can increase serum HDLC level and decrease TG and LDL-C levels, which is especially beneficial for dyslipidemia and diabetic patients.

Barras de amaranto enriquecidas com frutanos: aceitabilidade e valor nutricional / Amaranth bars enriched with fructans: acceptability and nutritional value

Existe uma demanda por alimentos de conveniência com benefícios potenciais à saúde do consumidor. Matérias primas de elevado valor nutritivo e com propriedades funcionais devem ser utilizadas no desenvolvimento desses produtos. O amaranto é um grão de elevado valor nutritivo e isento de glúten. Inulina e oligofrutose são ingredientes prebióticos; que possuem outros efeitos, como o aumento da absorção de cálcio. Barras de amaranto enriquecidas com inulina e oligofrutose foram desenvolvidas nos sabores banana, castanha do Pará e uva passa, coco, damasco, morango e nozes. A composição centesimal foi avaliada e comparada às das barras comerciais, disponíveis nas categorias tradicional (n=59), light (n=60), diet (n=8), à base de soja (n=10) e quinoa (n=1). As barras de amaranto apresentaram média de aceitação global variando de 6,3 a 7,6, numa escala hedônica estruturada de nove pontos, e vantagens nutricionais em relação às barras de cereais comerciais (redução calórica e alto teor de fibras). Apesar de o amaranto ser desconhecido no Brasil, este apresenta bom potencial para o desenvolvimento de alimentos prontos para o consumo. Por serem isentas de glúten estas barras são inclusive uma alternativa para os celíacos, podendo contribuir para o aumento da absorção de cálcio, problema freqüentemente observado nessa população.

There is an increasing appeal for convenience foods with potential health benefits to the consumer. Raw materials with high nutritional value and functional properties must be used on the development of these food products. Amaranth is a gluten-free grain with high nutrition value. Inulin and oligofructose are prebiotic ingredients presenting effects as the enhancement of calcium absorption. Amaranth bars enriched with inulin and oligofructose were developed in the flavors: banana, Brazilian nuts and dried grape, coconut, peach, strawberry and wall nut. The proximate composition were determined and compared to commercial cereal bars, available in traditional (n=59), light (n=60), diet (n=8), with soy (n=10) and quinoa (n=1) categories. Amaranth bars present mean global acceptance values from 6.3 to 7.6 on a 9-point hedonic scale, nutritional advantages as compared to commercial cereal bars (caloric reduction and higher levels of dietary fiber). Although amaranth is an unknown raw material in Brazil, it shows good potential to be used in the manufacturing of ready-to-eat products. As they are gluten free, these amaranth bars are also an alternative product for celiacs, also contributing to the enhancement of calcium absorption, a problem frequently observed in these patients.

Biodisponibilidade de minerais em ratos alimentados com frutanos do tipo inulina / Mineral bioavailability in rats fed inulin-type fructans

Neste estudo foi avaliado o efeito de frutanos do tipo inulina (FTI) na biodisponibilidade de minerais em ratos, com particular enfoque para o Ca e o Fe. Foram realizados dois ensaios: no primeiro utilizou-se um modelo fatorial 2×2×2, com dois níveis de Fe (0 e 35 mg/kg), Ca (0 e 5 g/kg) e FTI (0 e 100 g/kg) nas rações; no segundo, utilizou-se um modelo de repleção de Hb em ratos anêmicos. As fontes de FTI foram a Raftilose P95 (ensaios 1 e 2), fonte purificada, e a farinha de yacón (FY; ensaio 2); os sais de Fe utilizados foram o Fe4(P2O7)3 (ensaios 1 e 2) e o FeSO4 microencapsulado com alginato (ensaio 2). No primeiro ensaio foram avaliados parâmetros bioquímicos de Fe, concentração de minerais nos ossos, fígado e baço, e parâmetros de resistência e histomorfometria óssea. Após 33 d, não foram observados efeitos na retenção óssea de Ca, porém observou-se maior volume trabecular ósseo e parâmetros histomorfométricos de formação óssea nos animais deficientes em Fe alimentados com os FTI. No segundo ensaio foram determinados parâmetros hematológicos, de biodisponibilidade de Fe, e parâmetros intestinais (balanço mineral; pH, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e espécies de Fe no conteúdo intestinal). A FY recuperou os animais da deficiência de Fe mais rapidamente do que a Raftilose. Esse efeito ocorreu em função de alterações intestinais provocadas pelo aumento da fermentação desses carboidratos, que afetou a solubilidade do Fe da dieta. Concluiu-se que os FTI aumentaram a biodisponibilidade de minerais, possivelmente por influência da concentração do mineral e pelas interações entre os minerais presentes na ração, pelo tempo de ensaio, pela matriz alimentar, e pelo modelo experimental utilizado

This study evaluated the effect of inulin-type fructans (ITF) on mineral bioavailability in rats, focusing mainly on Ca and Fe. Two experiments were carried out: the first one considered a 2×2×2 factorial model using two levels of Fe (0 and 35 mg/kg), Ca (0 and 5 g/kg) and ITF (0 and 100 g/kg) in the diets; the second experiment considered a Hb repletion model in anemic rats. Raftilose P95 (experiments 1 and 2; purified source) and yacon flour (YF; experiment 2) were used as ITF sources; the Fe salts used were Fe4(P2O7)3 (experiments 1 and 2) and microencapsulated FeSO4 with alginate (experiment 2). In the first experiment, Fe biochemical parameters, mineral concentration in the bones, liver and spleen, bone strength and histomorphometrical parameters were evaluated. After 33 d, no effects on bone retention were observed, but a larger bone volume and larger bone-formation parameters were observed on Fe-deficient animals fed with ITF. In the second experiment, hematological, Fe bioavailability and intestinal parameters (mineral balance, pH, short-chain fatty acids and Fe species in the intestinal content) were determined. Fe-deficient animals fed with YF recovered more rapidly than those fed with Raftilose. This effect took place as a function of intestinal alterations caused by the increased fermentation of these carbohydrates, which affected dietary Fe solubility. It can be concluded that ITF increased the bioavailability of minerals, possibly due to the influence of mineral concentration and interactions between minerals in the diet, experiment duration, food matrix and experimental model used